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A DNA sequence encoding the human Thrombopoietin (TPO) protein sequence (containing the signal peptide sequence, and the mature TPO sequence) was expressed in modified human 293 cells.

Thrombopoietin (TPO), a hormone predominately expressed in liver and bone marrow stromal cells, is the principal regulator of proliferation and differentiation of megakaryoctytes, and is the major cytokine involved in platelet production. TPO has also been shown to pay a role in production of primitive pluripotent stem cells and progenitor cells, such as erythroid and myeloid progenitor cells. Human TPO cDNA encodes a 353 amino acid precursor protein that is cleaved upon secretion from the cell. Mature human TPO is a 95kDa glycoprotein that comprises two domains, a receptor binding domain that shares homology with erythropoietin, and a heavily O- and N-linked glycosylated region at the carboxy terminus. Potential clinical applications for TPO include the in-vivo expansion of platelet numbers following thrombocytopenia inducing effects of chemotherapy. TPO also shows promise in the ex-vivo expansion of autologous haematopoietic progenitor cells prior to re-infusion into patients with conditions such as multiple myeloma and NHL following myeloabalative chemotherapy. For recent reviews on TPO, please refer to Solberg (2005) Current Hematology Reports 4(6):423-8 and Fishley & Alexander (2004) Growth Factors. 22(3):151-5.